What is Activated Carbon? | Properties & Uses

What is Activated Carbon? What is it Used For?

Activated carbon is a highly effective filtration material used in water purification, air cleaning, and chemical separation. Its high porosity and large surface area allow it to absorb harmful substances efficiently. It plays a crucial role in improving water quality and protecting the environment.

Properties of Activated Carbon

• High Porosity: Microscopic pores provide excellent absorption capacity.
• Large Surface Area: One gram of activated carbon can have the surface area of a football field.
• Low Density: Lightweight and easy to handle.
• Chemical Stability: Resistant to various chemicals and highly durable.

Uses of Activated Carbon

1. Water Purification: Removes harmful chemicals and contaminants from water.
2. Air Filtration: Eliminates cigarette smoke, chemical odors, and allergens.
3. Chemical Separation: Absorbs and removes industrial chemical waste.
4. Medical Use: Treats poisoning by absorbing toxins.
5. Medical Products: Found in toothpaste, face masks, soaps, and detox products.

How is Activated Carbon Produced?

1. Material Selection: Wood, coal, and coconut shells are used.
2. Carbonization: Materials are heated in an oxygen-free environment.
3. Activation: Chemical treatment creates a porous structure.
4. Washing & Drying: Cleaned and dried for use.

Types of Activated Carbon

• Cylindrical Activated Carbon: Dense, circular shape ideal for air and gas filtration.
• Granular Activated Carbon: Large surface area, perfect for liquid purification.
• Powdered Activated Carbon: Fine particles allow quick and effective absorption.

What is an Activated Carbon Filter?

Activated carbon filters contain carbon granules or blocks to purify water or air. Regular cleaning or replacement ensures efficiency.

Cleaning Method:
Rinse with warm water, soak in lemon, vinegar, or salt water, and rinse again to extend its lifespan.